On December 1, 2024, two key components of China’s export control regime took effect: the “Regulations on Export Control of Dual-Use Items” (“DIR”) and the “Export Control List of Dual-Use Items” (the ...

On 8 September 2025, the European Commission adopted amendments to Annex I of Regulation (EU) 2021/821 (EU Dual-Use Regulation) and published a Delegated Regulation, updating the EU’s dual-use control ...

Turning genes on and off is like flipping a light switch, controlling whether genes in a cell are active. When a gene is turned on, the production of proteins or other substances is promoted; when ...