PID loops are a central component of modulating boiler control systems with applications ranging from basic steam header pressure control to cascading 3-element drum level control. A modern ...

At the core of any modern industrial process is a control system guaranteeing precision, stability, and efficiency. Perhaps the most commonly used are PID (Proportional-Integral-Derivative) ...

This application note describes a closed loop, computer- controlled, variable attenuator for the control of output power from a tunable laser. It is based on the combination of a 1/2 wave-plate and a ...