Operational amplifiers (op-amps) are almost the perfect amplifiers. As long as you keep a few important details in mind, they will seem perfect. In part 1, I gave a simplified explanation of how an op ...

Abstract: An op-amp with a push-pull output stage for infrared focal plane array (IRFPA) readout integrated circuit (ROIC) is described in this paper. It works in the class AB mode with little die ...

Operational amplifiers (op amps) and comparators have two inputs, inverting and noninverting, and an output that can usually swing from rail to rail and have the same schematic symbol. So, what’s the ...

It’s rare in 2023 for an instrument to be entirely analog, instead it’s more normal for a front-end to feed the analog-to-digital converter (ADC) in a microcontroller. Typically the front-end will do ...

This article originally appeared in the Nov’22 magazine issue of Electronic Specifier Design – see ES’s Magazine Archives for more featured publications. An op-amp typically features a single-ended ...

Abstract: Three new class-AB output stages for CMOS op-amps with accurate quiescent current control using low-voltage techniques are proposed. These output stages make use of passive components ...

Southern Ontario has been hot and humid for the last several weeks. The high heat and humidity while out riding had me re-thinking about proper hydration strategies for cyclists in the heat. However, ...

Circuit simulations are great because you can experiment with circuits and make changes with almost no effort. In Circuit VR, we look at circuits using a simulator to do experiments without having to ...

In Figure 1, we can see a classical circuit. In it, there are three main components: the Zener diode, the op amp, and the transistor. Let’s perform some simulation at various nodes, changing the ...

Most times, linear regulators use a closed control loop to keep the output voltage constant. Today, several kinds of linear regulators are available on the market. There are also regulators with ...